MessageFormat advantage

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Supports locale-sensitive formatting and indexed placeholders, useful in i18n contexts.

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Message formatting in Java

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Use MessageFormat or String.format() to build readable messages with placeholders.

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Enum common use cases

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Use enums to model closed sets (states, roles, options) and avoid magic strings/ints.

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Enum type in Java

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An enum defines a fixed set of constants and can include fields, constructors, and methods.

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var keyword limitation

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var works only for local variables (not fields, method params, or return types).

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var local type inference

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var lets the compiler infer the local variable type from the initializer expression.

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Preview features caution

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Preview features can change in future releases, so avoid relying on them in production.

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Enable preview features in Java

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Use --enable-preview during compile and run to experiment with preview language features.

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Java 17 pattern matching context

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Modern Java improves type checks and reduces boilerplate around instanceof/casting.

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Java 11 String enhancements

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Adds useful methods like isBlank(), lines(), repeat(), and strip() for easier text handling.

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Java 11 HttpClient

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Java 11 includes a modern HTTP client supporting sync/async requests and HTTP/2.

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Stream API overview

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Streams provide declarative operations (map/filter/reduce) over collections and data sources.

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Java 8 flagship feature

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Lambda expressions enable concise functional-style code and power the Stream API.

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Passing object references

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The reference value is copied, so you can mutate the object but cannot swap the caller’s reference.

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Java parameter passing

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Java is pass-by-value: it passes a copy of the argument value to methods.

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String ordering comparison

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compareTo() compares strings lexicographically and is used for sorting/ordering.

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String equality in Java

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Use equals() to compare characters/content; == checks if two references point to the same object.

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SOLID applied benefit

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Encourages clean separation of responsibilities and easier evolution of codebases.

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SOLID principles summary

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A set of five OO design principles that improve maintainability and extensibility.

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DIP with dependency injection

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DI frameworks (or manual DI) wire implementations via interfaces to keep modules loosely coupled.

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